Which of the following is a common technique used in responsive design?

• A. Fluid grids with relative units and media queries
• B. Absolute positioning
• C. Fixed pixel grids
• D. Inline styles

Answer: (A)

Responsive design relies on layouts that adapt as the screen size changes. The most common technique to achieve this is fluid grids with relative units and media queries. Fluid grids use widths defined in percentages (and other relative units) so elements scale with the viewport rather than staying fixed. This lets the layout breathe as the page width changes. Relative units for typography help text scale in proportion to the available space, keeping proportions consistent. Media queries add targeted rules at specific breakpoints, letting you switch from multiple columns to a single column, adjust font sizes, or hide/show elements depending on the device. Together, these tools create a flexible design that works well on phones, tablets, and desktops alike. Other approaches don’t adapt as cleanly: absolute positioning fixes elements in place, which often leads to overlap or crowding as sizes change; fixed pixel grids don’t scale to different viewports; inline styles hinder maintainability and responsiveness.